causal explanation
21Consciousness — Representation of consciousness from the seventeenth century. Consciousness is a term that refers to the relati …
22Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm — Nietzsche Robin Small LIFE AND PERSONALITY Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (1844–1900) is one of those thinkers whose personalities cannot easily be separated from their achievements in philosophy. This is not because his life was an unusually… …
23Spinoza: the moral and political philosophy — The moral and political philosophy of Spinoza Hans W.Blom Spinoza as a moral and political philosopher was the proponent of a radical and extremely consistent version of seventeenth century Dutch naturalism. As a consequence of the burgeoning… …
24animal learning — ▪ zoology Introduction the alternation of behaviour as a result of individual experience. When an organism can perceive and change its behaviour, it is said to learn. That animals can learn seems to go without saying. The cat that… …
25function — function, functionalism Although the use of the concepts of function and functionalism is usually associated with the work of Talcott Parsons in modern sociology, there is a long tradition of functional explanation in studying societies, and a… …
26Dilthey, Wilhelm — Dilthey Michael Lessnoff INTRODUCTION Wilhelm Dilthey was born in 1833 near Wiesbaden, and thus lived through the period of Bismarck’s creation of a unified German Empire by ‘blood and iron’. These turbulent events, however, scarcely perturbed… …
27Trait theory — In psychology, Trait theory is a major approach to the study of human personality. Trait theorists are primarily interested in the measurement of traits , which can be defined as habitual patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion. [Saul Kassin,… …
28Philosophical zombie — A philosophical zombie or p zombie in the philosophy of mind and perception is a hypothetical being that is indistinguishable from a normal human being except in that it lacks conscious experience, qualia, or sentience.[1] When a zombie is poked… …
29Donald Davidson (philosopher) — Donald Herbert Davidson Portrait of Donald Davidson by the photographer Steve Pyke in 1990. Full name Donald Herbert Davidson Born 6 March 1917(1917 03 06) Springfield, Massachusetts …
30evolution — evolutional, adj. evolutionally, adv. /ev euh looh sheuhn/ or, esp. Brit., /ee veuh /, n. 1. any process of formation or growth; development: the evolution of a language; the evolution of the airplane. 2. a product of such development; something… …
