catalytic agent
61Nobel Prizes — ▪ 2009 Introduction Prize for Peace The 2008 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded to Martti Ahtisaari, former president (1994–2000) of Finland, for his work over more than 30 years in settling international disputes, many involving ethnic,… …
62Living free radical polymerization — is a type of living polymerization where the active polymer chain end is a free radical. Several methods exist. IUPAC recommends[1] to use the term reversible deactivation radical polymerization instead of living free radical polymerization .… …
63Oxoammonium-catalyzed oxidation — reactions involve the conversion of organic substrates to more highly oxidized materials through the action of an N oxoammonium species. Nitroxides may also be used in catalytic amounts in the presence of a stoichiometric amount of a terminal… …
64Cobalt mediated radical polymerization — Cobalt based catalysts, when used in radical polymerization, have several main advantages especially in slowing down the reaction rate, allowing for the synthesis of polymers with peculiar properties. As starting the reaction does need a real… …
65Life Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Zoology In 2008 several zoological studies provided new insights into how species life history traits (such as the timing of reproduction or the length of life of adult individuals) are derived in part as responses to… …
66Ethylene oxide — Oxirane redirects here. For oxiranes as a class of molecules, see epoxide. Ethylene oxide …
67Living polymerization — In polymer chemistry, living polymerization is a form of addition polymerization where the ability of a growing polymer chain to terminate has been removed Ref|1. This can be accomplished in a variety of ways. Chain termination and chain transfer …
68Aldol reaction — The aldol reaction is a powerful means of forming carbon–carbon bonds in organic chemistry.[1][2][3] Discovered independently by …
69Chemical reaction — Chemical reactions redirects here. For the 2007 television episode, see Chemical Reactions (Men in Trees). A thermite reaction using iron(III) oxide. The sparks …
70acid–base reaction — ▪ chemistry Introduction a type of chemical process typified by the exchange of one or more hydrogen ions, H+, between species that may be neutral (molecules, such as water, H2O; or acetic acid, CH3CO2H) or electrically charged (ions, such… …
