calculated length
91Zero-point field — In quantum field theory, the zero point field is the lowest energy state of a field, i.e. its ground state, which is non zero. [cite book | last = Gribbin | first = John | title = Q is for Quantum An Encyclopedia of Particle Physics | publisher …
92Determination of equilibrium constants — Equilibrium constants are determined in order to quantify chemical equilibria. When an equilibrium constant is expressed as a concentration quotient, it is implied that the activity quotient is constant. In order for this assumption to be valid… …
93Deflection (engineering) — In engineering, deflection is the degree to which a structural element is displaced under a load. It may refer to an angle or a distance. The deflection distance of a member under a load is directly related to the slope of the deflected shape of… …
94chronology — /kreuh nol euh jee/, n., pl. chronologies. 1. the sequential order in which past events occur. 2. a statement of this order. 3. the science of arranging time in periods and ascertaining the dates and historical order of past events. 4. a… …
95Italy — /it l ee/, n. a republic in S Europe, comprising a peninsula S of the Alps, and Sicily, Sardinia, Elba, and other smaller islands: a kingdom 1870 1946. 57,534,088; 116,294 sq. mi. (301,200 sq. km). Cap.: Rome. Italian, Italia. * * * Italy… …
96spectroscopy — spectroscopist /spek tros keuh pist/, n. /spek tros keuh pee, spek treuh skoh pee/, n. the science that deals with the use of the spectroscope and with spectrum analysis. [1865 70; SPECTRO + SCOPY] * * * Branch of analysis devoted to identifying… …
97Antiquity of the World — Antiquity of the World † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Antiquity of the World Various attempts have been made to establish the age of the world. Two groups of scientists have especially busied themselves with this question: physicists and… …
98Maximum parsimony (phylogenetics) — Parsimony is a non parametric statistical method commonly used in computational phylogenetics for estimating phylogenies. Under parsimony, the preferred phylogenetic tree is the tree that requires the least evolutionary change to explain some… …
99Measuring instrument — Captain Nemo and Professor Aronnax contemplating measuring instruments in Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea …
100Hypervalent molecule — A hypervalent molecule is a molecule that contains one or more main group elements formally bearing more than eight electrons in their valence shells. Phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), the phosphate (PO43−) ion, chlorine …
