business to the artisans
31Reconstruction Era of the United States — In the history of the United States, the term Reconstruction Era has two senses: the first covers the entire nation in the period 1865–1877 following the Civil War; the second one, used in this article, covers the transformation of the Southern… …
32HISTORICAL SURVEY: THE STATE AND ITS ANTECEDENTS (1880–2006) — Introduction It took the new Jewish nation about 70 years to emerge as the State of Israel. The immediate stimulus that initiated the modern return to Zion was the disappointment, in the last quarter of the 19th century, of the expectation that… …
33History of the Jews in Estonia — [ [http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Estonia.html?title=Jews in Estonia action=edit Jewish History in Estonia] at www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org] starts with individual reports of Jews in what is now Estonia from as early as the 14th… …
34motion picture, history of the — Introduction history of the medium from the 19th century to the present. Early years, 1830–1910 Origins The illusion of motion pictures is based on the optical phenomena known as persistence of vision and the phi phenomenon. The first …
35Science and mathematics from the Renaissance to Descartes — George Molland Early in the nineteenth century John Playfair wrote for the Encyclopaedia Britannica a long article entitled ‘Dissertation; exhibiting a General View of the Progress of Mathematics and Physical Science, since the Revival of Letters …
36History of the Jews in Hungary — concerns the Jews of Hungary and of Hungarian origins. Jews have been a present community in Hungary since at least the 11th Century (with earlier references to Jews in Hungary existing), struggling against discrimination throughout the Middle… …
37Politics of the United States — United States This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the United States …
38Origins of the American Civil War — For events following South Carolina s declaration of secession from the Union, see Battle of Fort Sumter and American Civil War. The Battle of Fort Sumter was the first stage in a conflict that had been brewing for decades. The main explanation… …
39Muslim conquest in the Indian subcontinent — History of South Asia and India Stone age (7000–1300 BCE) …
40History of the United States (1789–1849) — This is an article that covers the History of the United States from 1789 through 1849, Westward Expansion .After the election of George Washington as the first President in 1789, Congress passed the first of many laws organizing the government… …
