beta-rays back-scattering
11Gamma ray — Gamma rays (denoted as gamma;) are a form of electromagnetic radiation or light emission of frequencies produced by sub atomic particle interactions, such as electron positron annihilation or radioactive decay. Gamma rays are generally… …
12spectroscopy — spectroscopist /spek tros keuh pist/, n. /spek tros keuh pee, spek treuh skoh pee/, n. the science that deals with the use of the spectroscope and with spectrum analysis. [1865 70; SPECTRO + SCOPY] * * * Branch of analysis devoted to identifying… …
13Nobel Prizes — ▪ 2009 Introduction Prize for Peace The 2008 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded to Martti Ahtisaari, former president (1994–2000) of Finland, for his work over more than 30 years in settling international disputes, many involving ethnic,… …
14star — starless, adj. /stahr/, n., adj., v., starred, starring. n. 1. any of the heavenly bodies, except the moon, appearing as fixed luminous points in the sky at night. 2. Astron. any of the large, self luminous, heavenly bodies, as the sun, Polaris,… …
15radioactivity — /ray dee oh ak tiv i tee/, n. Physics, Chem. the phenomenon, exhibited by and being a property of certain elements, of spontaneously emitting radiation resulting from changes in the nuclei of atoms of the element. Also called activity. [1895… …
16Nuclear fission — For the generation of electrical power by fission, see Nuclear power. Splitting the atom redirects here. For the EP, see Splitting the Atom. Nuclear physics Radioactive decay Nuclear fission Nuclear fusio …
17Rutherford, Ernest, Baron Rutherford of Nelson, of Cambridge — ▪ British physicist Introduction born Aug. 30, 1871, Spring Grove, N.Z. died Oct. 19, 1937, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, Eng. New Zealand born British physicist considered the greatest experimentalist since Michael Faraday (Faraday, Michael)… …
18nuclear fission — fission (def. 2). [1885 90] * * * Division of a heavy atomic nucleus into two fragments of roughly equal mass, accompanied by the release of a large amount of energy, the binding energy of the subatomic particles. The energy released in the… …
19plasma — plasmatic /plaz mat ik/, plasmic, adj. /plaz meuh/, n. 1. Anat., Physiol. the liquid part of blood or lymph, as distinguished from the suspended elements. 2. Cell Biol. cytoplasm. 3. whey. 4. a green, faintly translucent chalcedony. 5. Physics. a …
20X-ray astronomy — X rays start at 0.008 nm and extend across the electromagnetic spectrum to 8 nm, over which the Earth s atmosphere is opaque. X ray astronomy is an observational branch of astronomy which deals with the study of X ray observation and detection… …
