background ionization voltage
1Critical ionization velocity — experiment onboard space shuttle Discovery (STS 39), releasing a plume of nitrous oxide gas. Full text Critical ionization velocity (CIV, also called Critical velocity, CV) is the relative v …
2spectroscopy — spectroscopist /spek tros keuh pist/, n. /spek tros keuh pee, spek treuh skoh pee/, n. the science that deals with the use of the spectroscope and with spectrum analysis. [1865 70; SPECTRO + SCOPY] * * * Branch of analysis devoted to identifying… …
3Electric glow discharge — is a type of plasma formed by passing a current at 100 V to several kV through a gas, usually argon or another noble gas. It is found in products such as fluorescent lights and plasma screen televisions, and is used in plasma physics and… …
4Electron avalanche — An electron avalanche is a process in which a number of free electrons in a medium (usually a gas) are subjected to strong acceleration by an electric field, ionizing the medium s atoms by collision (called impact ionization), thereby forming new …
5radiation measurement — ▪ technology Introduction technique for detecting the intensity and characteristics of ionizing radiation, such as alpha, beta, and gamma rays or neutrons, for the purpose of measurement. The term ionizing radiation refers to those… …
6radiation — radiational, adj. /ray dee ay sheuhn/, n. 1. Physics. a. the process in which energy is emitted as particles or waves. b. the complete process in which energy is emitted by one body, transmitted through an intervening medium or space, and… …
7mass spectrometry — or mass spectroscopy Analytic technique by which chemical substances are identified by sorting gaseous ions by mass using electric and magnetic fields. A mass spectrometer uses electrical means to detect the sorted ions, while a mass spectrograph …
8Mass spectrometry — (MS) is an analytical technique that measures the mass to charge ratio of charged particles.[1] It is used for determining masses of particles, for determining the elemental composition of a sample or molecule, and for elucidating the chemical… …
9Environmental scanning electron microscope — Wool fibers imaged in an ESEM by the use of two symmetrical plastic scintillating backscattered electron detectors …
10X-ray fluorescence — (XRF) is the emission of characteristic secondary (or fluorescent) X rays from a material that has been excited by bombarding with high energy X rays or gamma rays. The phenomenon is widely used for elemental analysis and chemical analysis,… …
