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71logic, history of — Introduction the history of the discipline from its origins among the ancient Greeks to the present time. Origins of logic in the West Precursors of ancient logic There was a medieval tradition according to which the Greek philosopher …
72painting, Western — ▪ art Introduction history of Western painting from its beginnings in prehistoric times to the present. Painting, the execution of forms and shapes on a surface by means of pigment (but see also drawing for discussion of depictions in …
73Charity and Charities — • In its widest and highest sense, charity includes love of God as well as love of man Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Charity and Charities Charity and Charities …
74Germany — • History divided by time periods, beginning with before 1556 Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Germany Germany † …
75Piedmont — • A region of northern Italy Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Piedmont Piedmont † …
76The Reformation — The Reformation † Catholic Encyclopedia ► The Reformation The usual term for the religious movement which made its appearance in Western Europe in the sixteenth century, and which, while ostensibly aiming at an internal renewal of the …
77THE MIDDLE AGES — …
78HISTORICAL SURVEY: THE STATE AND ITS ANTECEDENTS (1880–2006) — Introduction It took the new Jewish nation about 70 years to emerge as the State of Israel. The immediate stimulus that initiated the modern return to Zion was the disappointment, in the last quarter of the 19th century, of the expectation that… …
79JERUSALEM — The entry is arranged according to the following outline: history name protohistory the bronze age david and first temple period second temple period the roman period byzantine jerusalem arab period crusader period mamluk period …
80RESPONSA — (Heb. שְׁאֵלוֹת וּתְשׁוּבוֹת; lit. queries and replies ), a rabbinic term denoting an exchange of letters in which one party consults another on a halakhic matter. Such responsa are already mentioned in the Talmud, which tells of an inquiry… …
