approximation theory
31Airy wave theory — In fluid dynamics, Airy wave theory (often referred to as linear wave theory) gives a linearised description of the propagation of gravity waves on the surface of a homogeneous fluid layer. The theory assumes that the fluid layer has a uniform… …
32Discrete dipole approximation — In discrete dipole approximation larger object is approximated in terms of discrete dipoles The discrete dipole approximation (DDA) is a method for computing scattering of radiation by particles of arbitrary shape and by periodic structures.… …
33WKB approximation — In physics, the WKB (Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin) approximation, also known as WKBJ (Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin–Jeffreys) approximation, is the most familiar example of a semiclassical calculation in quantum mechanics in which the wavefunction is… …
34Born approximation — Not to be confused with the Born–Oppenheimer approximation. In scattering theory and, in particular in quantum mechanics, the Born approximation consists of taking the incident field in place of the total field as the driving field at each point… …
35Number theory — A Lehmer sieve an analog computer once used for finding primes and solving simple diophantine equations. Number theory is a branch of pure mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers. Number theorists study prime numbers (the… …
36Einstein–Cartan theory — in theoretical physics extends general relativity to correctly handle spin angular momentum. As the master theory of classical physics general relativity has one known flaw: it cannot describe spin orbit coupling , i.e., exchange of intrinsic… …
37Matching (graph theory) — In the mathematical discipline of graph theory, a matching or independent edge set in a graph is a set of edges without common vertices. It may also be an entire graph consisting of edges without common vertices. Covering packing dualities… …
38Born-Oppenheimer approximation — In quantum chemistry, the computation of the energy and wavefunction of an average size molecule is a formidable task that is alleviated by the Born Oppenheimer (BO) approximation. For instance the benzene molecule consists of 12 nuclei and 42… …
39Orders of approximation — In science, engineering, and other quantitative disciplines, orders of approximation refer to formal or informal terms for how precise an approximation is, and to indicate progressively more refined approximations: in increasing order of… …
40Boussinesq approximation (water waves) — In fluid dynamics, the Boussinesq approximation for water waves is an approximation valid for weakly non linear and fairly long waves. The approximation is named after Joseph Boussinesq, who first derived them in response to the observation by… …
