analysis of covariance
41Optimal design — This article is about the topic in the design of experiments. For the topic in optimal control theory, see shape optimization. Gustav Elfving developed the optimal design of experiments, and so minimized surveyors need for theodolite measurements …
42Covariate — In statistics, a covariate is a variable that is possibly predictive of the outcome under study. A covariate may be of direct interest or it may be a confounding or interacting variable. The alternative terms explanatory variable, independent… …
43Maximum likelihood — In statistics, maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is a method of estimating the parameters of a statistical model. When applied to a data set and given a statistical model, maximum likelihood estimation provides estimates for the model s… …
44Total least squares — The bivariate (Deming regression) case of Total Least Squares. The red lines show the error in both x and y. This is different from the traditional least squares method which measures error parallel to the y axis. The case shown, with deviations… …
45Least squares — The method of least squares is a standard approach to the approximate solution of overdetermined systems, i.e., sets of equations in which there are more equations than unknowns. Least squares means that the overall solution minimizes the sum of… …
46Randomized controlled trial — Flowchart of four phases (enrollment, intervention allocation, follow up, and data analysis) of a parallel randomized trial of two groups, modified from the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) 2010 Statement[1] …
47Oscar Kempthorne — Born January 31, 1911(1911 01 31) St. Tudy, Cornwall Died November 15, 2000(2000 11 15) (aged …
48Degrees of freedom (statistics) — In statistics, the number of degrees of freedom is the number of values in the final calculation of a statistic that are free to vary.[1] Estimates of statistical parameters can be based upon different amounts of information or data. The number… …
49Partial correlation — In probability theory and statistics, partial correlation measures the degree of association between two random variables, with the effect of a set of controlling random variables removed. Contents 1 Formal definition 2 Computation 2.1 Using… …
50Mauchly's sphericity test — is a statistical test used to validate repeated measures factor ANOVAs. The test was introduced by ENIAC co inventor John Mauchly in 1940.[1] Contents 1 What is sphericity? 2 Formulation of the test …
