an invalid argument
51Reasoning — is the cognitive process of looking for reasons for beliefs, conclusions, actions or feelings. [ Kirwin, Christopher. 1995. Reasoning . In Ted Honderich (ed.), The Oxford Companion to Philosophy . Oxford: Oxford University Press: p. 748] Humans… …
52Phaedo — Plato s Phaedo (IPAEng|ˈfiːdoʊ, Greek: Φαίδων, Phaidon) is one of the great dialogues of his middle period, along with the Republic and the Symposium . The Phaedo is also Plato s fifth and last dialogue (the first four being Euthyphro , Apology …
53Petrus Alphonsi — (also known as Peter Alfonsi; born Moses Sepharadi) (1062 ndash; 1110) was a Jewish Spanish writer and astronomer, and polemicist, who converted to Christianity. He was physician to King Alfonso VI of Castile.Alphonsi was born at Huesca, Aragon,… …
54applied logic — Introduction the study of the practical art of right reasoning. The formalism (formal logic) and theoretical results of pure logic can be clothed with meanings derived from a variety of sources within philosophy as well as from other… …
55Tax protester arguments — UStaxationTax protester arguments are a number of theories raised by individuals who deny that a person has a legal obligation to pay a tax for which the US government has determined that person is liable. (See also: Tax protester (United… …
56New South Wales v Commonwealth (2006) — New South Wales v Commonwealth Court High Court of Australia Full case name New South Wales Ors v Commonwealth Date decided …
57fallacy — /fal euh see/, n., pl. fallacies. 1. a deceptive, misleading, or false notion, belief, etc.: That the world is flat was at one time a popular fallacy. 2. a misleading or unsound argument. 3. deceptive, misleading, or false nature; erroneousness.… …
58Aristotle’s logic and metaphysics — Alan Code PART 1: LOGICAL WORKS OVERVIEW OF ARISTOTLE’S LOGIC The Aristotelian logical works are referred to collectively using the Greek term ‘Organon’. This is a reflection of the idea that logic is a tool or instrument of, though not… …
59Syllogism — A syllogism (Greek: συλλογισμός – syllogismos – conclusion, inference ) is a kind of logical argument in which one proposition (the conclusion) is inferred from two or more others (the premises) of a certain form. In antiquity, there were… …
60Anti-spam techniques (e-mail) — To prevent e mail spam, both end users and administrators of e mail systems use various anti spam techniques. Some of these techniques have been embedded in products, services and software to ease the burden on users and administrators. No one… …
