an explanation of the birds
81Swastika origin theories — The earliest archaeological evidence of a swastika motif dates from the Upper Paleolithic period (ca. 10,000 BC). It appears on birds carved from mammoth tusk and the motif is etched at the spot where the bird s feet should be. This carving is… …
82Great American Interchange — The Great American Interchange was an important paleozoogeographic event in which land and freshwater fauna migrated from North America via Central America to South America and vice versa, as the volcanic Isthmus of Panama rose up from the sea… …
83History of paleontology — The history of paleontology traces the effort to understand the history of life on Earth by studying the fossil record left behind by living organisms. Paleontology is a field of biology, but its development has been closely tied to geology and… …
84Evolution of sexual reproduction — The evolution of sexual reproduction is currently described by several competing scientific hypotheses. All sexually reproducing organisms derive from a common ancestor which was a single celled eukaryotic species[1]. Many protists reproduce… …
85Genetic Equidistance — The Genetic Equidistance phenomenon was first found by evolution biologist E. Margoliash in 1963 and published in PNAS, 50: 672 679. Margoliash wrote: It appears that the number of residue differences between cytochrome C of any two species is… …
86Aegean civilizations — The Bronze Age civilizations that arose and flourished с 3000–1000 BC in the region bordering the Aegean Sea. They included Crete, the Cyclades, the Greek mainland south from Thessaly, including the Peloponnese, and Macedonia, Thrace, and western …
87Evolution of mammalian auditory ossicles — The evolution of mammalian auditory ossicles is one of the most well documented[1] and important evolutionary events, demonstrating both numerous transitional forms as well as an excellent example of exaptation, the re purposing of existing… …
88Latitudinal gradients in species diversity — The pattern= The increase in species richness or biodiversity that occurs from the poles to the tropics, often referred to as the latitudinal gradient in species diversity, is one of the most widely recognized patterns in ecology. Put another way …
89Organic farming and biodiversity — The effect of organic farming has been a subject of interest for researchers. Theory suggests that organic farming practices, which exclude the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers, would be beneficial for biodiversity, and this has proven …
90Vestigiality — The human vermiform appendix is a vestigial structure; it no longer retains its original function. Vestigiality describes homologous characters of organisms that have seemingly lost all or most of their original function in a species through… …
