additive theorem
81Real number — For the real numbers used in descriptive set theory, see Baire space (set theory). For the computing datatype, see Floating point number. A symbol of the set of real numbers …
82Cipolla's algorithm — In computational number theory, Cipolla s algorithm is a technique for solving a congruence of the form x2 = n, where , so n is the square of x, and where p is an odd prime. Here denotes the finite field with p elements; . Th …
83List of unsolved problems in mathematics — This article lists some unsolved problems in mathematics. See individual articles for details and sources. Contents 1 Millennium Prize Problems 2 Other still unsolved problems 2.1 Additive number theory …
84Polynomial ring — In mathematics, especially in the field of abstract algebra, a polynomial ring is a ring formed from the set of polynomials in one or more variables with coefficients in another ring. Polynomial rings have influenced much of mathematics, from the …
85Cooperative game — This article is about a part of game theory. For video gaming, see Cooperative gameplay. For the similar feature in some board games, see cooperative board game In game theory, a cooperative game is a game where groups of players ( coalitions )… …
86Outer measure — In mathematics, in particular in measure theory, an outer measure or exterior measure is a function defined on all subsets of a given set with values in the extended real numbers satisfying some additional technical conditions. A general theory… …
87Sumset — In additive combinatorics, the sumset of two subsets A and B of an abelian group G (written additively) is defined to be the set of all sums of an element from A with an element from B . That is,:A + B = {a+b : a in A, b in B}.The n fold iterated …
88Kullback–Leibler divergence — In probability theory and information theory, the Kullback–Leibler divergence[1][2][3] (also information divergence, information gain, relative entropy, or KLIC) is a non symmetric measure of the difference between two probability distributions P …
89Cousin problems — In mathematics, the Cousin problems are two questions in several complex variables, concerning the existence of meromorphic functions that are specified in terms of local data. They were introduced in special cases by P. Cousin in 1895. They are… …
90Triple correlation — The triple correlation of an ordinary function on the real line is the integral of theproduct of that function with two independently shifted copies of itself: int { infty}^{infty} f^{*}(x) f(x+s 1) f(x+s 2) dxThe Fourier transform of triple… …
