absolutist
111United Kingdom — a kingdom in NW Europe, consisting of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: formerly comprising Great Britain and Ireland 1801 1922. 58,610,182; 94,242 sq. mi. (244,100 sq. km). Cap.: London. Abbr.: U.K. Official name, United Kingdom of Great… …
112Abdülhamid II — born Sept. 21, 1842, Constantinople died Feb. 10, 1918, Constantinople Sultan (1876–1909) of the Ottoman Empire under whose rule the Tanzimat reform movement reached its climax. After initially promoting the first Ottoman constitution (primarily… …
113Christian III — born Aug. 12, 1503, Gottorp, Schleswig died Jan. 1, 1559, Kolding, Den. King of Denmark and Norway (1534–59). Son of King Frederick I, he assumed control of the kingdom after winning a civil war known as the Count s War. He arrested the Catholic… …
114Francis II — I French François born Jan. 19, 1544, Fontainebleau, France died Dec. 5, 1560, Orléans King of France (1559–60). He was the son of Henry II and Catherine de Médicis and was married in 1558 to Mary Stuart (later Mary, Queen of Scots), a relation… …
115Laibach, Congress of — (Jan. 26–May 12, 1821) Meeting of the Holy Alliance powers that set the conditions for Austrian intervention in and occupation of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies in action against the Neapolitan revolution (1820). The congress proclaimed its… …
116Metastasio, Pietro — orig. Antonio Domenico Bonaventura Trapassi born Jan. 3, 1698, Rome died April 12, 1782, Vienna Italian poet and opera librettist. His name was changed by his adoptive father, who left the youth enough money to embark on a career as a poet. His… …
117Filmer, Sir Robert — ▪ English philosopher born c. 1588 died May 26, 1653, East Sutton, near Middlestone, Kent, Eng. English theorist who promoted an absolutist concept of kingship. Filmer was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, and at Lincoln s Inn.… …
118German literature — Introduction German literature comprises the written works of the German speaking peoples of central Europe. It has shared the fate of German politics and history: fragmentation and discontinuity. Germany did not become a modern nation… …
119Islāmic world — Introduction prehistory and history of the Islamic community. Adherence to Islām is a global phenomenon: Muslims predominate in some 30 to 40 countries, from the Atlantic to the Pacific and along a belt that stretches across northern… …
120Metternich, Klemens, Fürst von — ▪ Austrian statesman Introduction (prince of),in full Klemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar, Fürst Von Metternich winneburg beilstein born May 15, 1773, Coblenz, Archbishopric of Trier died June 11, 1859, Vienna Austrian statesman, minister of… …
