Ionization
111Critical ionization velocity — experiment onboard space shuttle Discovery (STS 39), releasing a plume of nitrous oxide gas. Full text Critical ionization velocity (CIV, also called Critical velocity, CV) is the relative v …
112Electrospray ionization — Electrospray (nanoSpray) ionization source Electrospray ionization (ESI) is a technique used in mass spectrometry to produce ions. It is especially useful in producing ions from macromolecules because it overcomes the propensity of these… …
113Copper-silver ionization — Copper electron shell …
114Rydberg Ionization Spectroscopy — Rydberg statesAtoms and molecules have ionization energy thresholds associated with the energy required to remove an electron from the ionic core. (The Rydberg formula describes the energy level series of a Rydberg atom.) Rydberg series describe… …
115Flame ionization detector — A flame ionization detector (FID) is a type of gas detector used in gas chromatography. The first flame ionization detector was developed in 1957 by scientists working for the CSIRO in Melbourne, Australia.… …
116Hot filament ionization gauge — Infobox Laboratory equipment name = Hot filament ionization gauge caption = Bayard Alpert hot thoriated iridium filament ionization gauge on 2.75 in conflat flange acronym = other names = Hot cathode gauge Bayard Alpert gauge uses = Pressure… …
117Matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization — Schematic of a typical MALDESI setup Matrix assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (MALDESI) is a method for creating ions that can be used for chemical analysis in a mass spectrometer.[1] It is related to desorption electrospray… …
118Saha ionization equation — The Saha ionization equation, also known as the Saha Langmuir equation, was developed by the Indian astrophysicist Megh Nad Saha in 1920, and later (1923) by Irving Langmuir. One of the important applications of the equation was in explaining the …
119Penning ionization — is a form of chemi ionization, an ionization process involving reactions between neutral atoms and/or molecules. [Penning, F. M. Die Naturwissenschaften , 1927, 15, 818. Über Ionisation durch metastabile Atome. ] cite journal |author=Arango CA,… …
120Thermal ionization — In thermal ionization, also referred to as surface ionization, chemically purified material loaded onto a filament which is then heated to cause some of the material to be ionized as it boils off the hot filament. Filaments are generally flat… …
