38d
121EN-GEDI — (Heb. עֵין גֶּדִי). (1) An oasis on the western shore of the Dead Sea and one of the most important archaeological sites in the Judean Desert. En Gedi (En Gaddi in Greek and Latin; ʿAyn Jiddī in Arabic) is actually the name of the perennial… …
122HAR HA-MELEKH — (Heb. הַר הַמֶּלֶךְ; king s mountain ; Aramaic Tor Malka), a hilly district in Judah. It should probably be identified with the toparchy of Orine (Latin for the hilly one, Pliny, Natural History, 5, 14:70), i.e., the district of Jerusalem in… …
123HISTORY — For Prehistory see archaeology ; for Biblical and Second Temple periods, see history . Destruction of the Second Temple until the Arab Conquest (70–640 C.E.) THE EFFECTS OF THE WAR OF 66–70 C.E. The Jewish war against the Romans, which lasted… …
124JUDAH BAR ILAI — (mid–second century C.E.), tanna. He is the R. Judah mentioned in the Talmud and tannaitic literature without patronymic. Judah came from Usha in Galilee (see Song R. 2:5 n. 2). He studied under his father, who was a pupil of eliezer b. hyrcanus… …
125JUDAH BEN GERIM — (mid second century C.E.), tanna. Ben Gerim (Bar Giore in Aramaic) means the son of proselytes (see rashi , Shab. 33b). In Gen. R. 35:3 it is told that Judah bar Giore went, together with R. Isaac and R. Jonathan, to study with Simeon b. Yoḥai .… …
126JUDEA — JUDEA, Latin form of Judah, the southern province of Ereẓ Israel during the period of Roman hegemony. Although this article deals with Judea as a Roman province, it should be pointed out that the name precedes the period. It was the natural name …
127MAMRE — (Heb. מַמְרֵא), oak grove near hebron which was one of the favorite dwelling places of Abraham (Abram; Gen. 13:18); it is also the name of one of the clans of Hebron which was an ally of Abraham (14:13, 24). At Mamre, Abraham learned of the… …
128MATTHIAS BEN THEOPHILUS — MATTHIAS BEN THEOPHILUS, the name of two high priests at the close of the Second Temple period. Matthias ben Theophilus I (early first century C.E.) MATTHIAS BEN THEOPHILUS I was for all practical purposes the first high priest originating from… …
