simple isotopy
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Mapping class group — In mathematics, in the sub field of geometric topology, the mapping class group is an important algebraic invariant of a topological space. Briefly, the mapping class group is a discrete group of symmetries of the space. Contents 1 Motivation 2… … Wikipedia
Heegaard splitting — In the mathematical field of geometric topology, a Heegaard splitting is a decomposition of a compact oriented 3 manifold that results from dividing it into two handlebodies. The importance of Heegaard splittings has grown in recent years as more … Wikipedia
Latin square — A Latin square is an n times; n table filled with n different symbols in such a way that each symbol occurs exactly once in each row and exactly once in each column. Here is an example: egin{bmatrix} 1 2 3 2 3 1 3 1 2 end{bmatrix} Latin squares… … Wikipedia
Knots and graphs — Knots and graph theory are related in some simple ways. The triangle is associated with the trefoil knot. Contents 1 Knot diagram … Wikipedia
Knot theory — A three dimensional depiction of a thickened trefoil knot, the simplest non trivial knot … Wikipedia
Knot invariant — In the mathematical field of knot theory, a knot invariant is a quantity (in a broad sense) defined for each knot which is the same for equivalent knots. The equivalence is often given by ambient isotopy but can be given by homeomorphism. Some… … Wikipedia
Symplectomorphism — In mathematics, a symplectomorphism is an isomorphism in the category of symplectic manifolds. Formal definitionSpecifically, let ( M 1, omega;1) and ( M 2, omega;2) be symplectic manifolds. A map : f : M 1 rarr; M 2 is a symplectomorphism if it… … Wikipedia
isotope — isotopic /uy seuh top ik/, adj. isotopically, adv. /uy seuh tohp /, n. Chem. any of two or more forms of a chemical element, having the same number of protons in the nucleus, or the same atomic number, but having different numbers of neutrons in… … Universalium
2π theorem — In mathematics, the 2π theorem of Gromov and Thurston states a sufficient condition for Dehn filling on a cusped hyperbolic 3 manifold to result in a negatively curved 3 manifold. Let M be a cusped hyperbolic 3 manifold. Disjoint horoball… … Wikipedia
Linking number — In mathematics, the linking number is a numerical invariant that describes the linking of two closed curves in three dimensional space. Intuitively, the linking number represents the number of times that each curve winds around the other. The… … Wikipedia
Dehn twist — A positive Dehn twist applied to a cylinder about the red curve c modifies the green curve as shown. In geometric topology, a branch of mathematics, a Dehn twist is a certain type of self homeomorphism of a surface (two dimensional manifold).… … Wikipedia
