topological arrangement
11Mathematics and Physical Sciences — ▪ 2003 Introduction Mathematics Mathematics in 2002 was marked by two discoveries in number theory. The first may have practical implications; the second satisfied a 150 year old curiosity. Computer scientist Manindra Agrawal of the… …
12Partially ordered set — The Hasse diagram of the set of all subsets of a three element set {x, y, z}, ordered by inclusion. In mathematics, especially order theory, a partially ordered set (or poset) formalizes and generalizes the intuitive concept of an ordering,… …
13Self-organizing map — A self organizing map (SOM) is a type of artificial neural network that is trained using unsupervised learning to produce a low dimensional (typically two dimensional), discretized representation of the input space of the training samples, called …
14algebra — /al jeuh breuh/, n. 1. the branch of mathematics that deals with general statements of relations, utilizing letters and other symbols to represent specific sets of numbers, values, vectors, etc., in the description of such relations. 2. any of… …
15Dual polyhedron — The dual of a cube is an octahedron, shown here with vertices at the cube face centers …
16mathematics — /math euh mat iks/, n. 1. (used with a sing. v.) the systematic treatment of magnitude, relationships between figures and forms, and relations between quantities expressed symbolically. 2. (used with a sing. or pl. v.) mathematical procedures,… …
17physical science, principles of — Introduction the procedures and concepts employed by those who study the inorganic world. physical science, like all the natural sciences, is concerned with describing and relating to one another those experiences of the surrounding… …
18Boundary representation — In solid modeling and computer aided design, boundary representation often abbreviated as B rep or BREP is a method for representing shapes using the limits. A solid is represented as a collection of connected surface elements, the boundary… …
19Operad theory — is a field of abstract algebra concerned with prototypical algebras that model properties such as commutativity or anticommutativity as well as various amounts of associativity. Operads generalize the various associativity properties already… …
20arts, East Asian — Introduction music and visual and performing arts of China, Korea, and Japan. The literatures of these countries are covered in the articles Chinese literature, Korean literature, and Japanese literature. Some studies of East Asia… …
