secret commitments
1Secret Sharing — Unter Geheimnisteilung (geteiltes Geheimnis) oder Secret Sharing versteht man eine Technik, ein Geheimnis (meist eine Zahl) unter einer gewissen Anzahl von so genannten Spielern aufzuteilen. Keine der Personen kann ohne die anderen das Geheimnis… …
2Verifiable secret sharing — In cryptography, a secret sharing scheme is verifiable if auxiliary information is included that allows players to verify their shares as consistent. More formally, verifiable secret sharing ensures that even if the dealer is malicious there is a …
3Iddah — In Islam, iddah or iddat (Arabic: العدة; period of waiting ) is a period after a divorce, during which a woman may not marry another man. The period is calculated on the number of menses a woman has, usually three. Historically, iddah was… …
4Occupation of the Baltic states by the Soviet Union (1944) — Part of a series of articles on the Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states Baltic …
5international relations — a branch of political science dealing with the relations between nations. [1970 75] * * * Study of the relations of states with each other and with international organizations and certain subnational entities (e.g., bureaucracies and political… …
6Commitment scheme — In cryptography, a commitment scheme allows one to commit to a value while keeping it hidden, with the ability to reveal the committed value later. Commitments are used to bind a party to a value so that they cannot adapt to other messages in… …
7HISTORICAL SURVEY: THE STATE AND ITS ANTECEDENTS (1880–2006) — Introduction It took the new Jewish nation about 70 years to emerge as the State of Israel. The immediate stimulus that initiated the modern return to Zion was the disappointment, in the last quarter of the 19th century, of the expectation that… …
8Israel — /iz ree euhl, ray /, n. 1. a republic in SW Asia, on the Mediterranean: formed as a Jewish state May 1948. 5,534,672; 7984 sq. mi. (20,679 sq. km). Cap.: Jerusalem. 2. the people traditionally descended from Jacob; the Hebrew or Jewish people. 3 …
9Military Affairs — ▪ 2009 Introduction Russia and Georgia fought a short, intense war in 2008, fueling global fears of a new Cold War. On August 7 Georgia launched an aerial bombardment and ground attacks against its breakaway province of South Ossetia.… …
10Western betrayal — or Yalta betrayal are popular terms in many Central European countries, especially in Poland and the Czech Republic which refers to the foreign policy of several Western countries which violated allied pacts and agreements during the period from… …
