priori estimate
1A priori (statistics) — In statistics, a priori knowledge refers to prior knowledge about a population, rather than that estimated by recent observation. It is common in Bayesian inference to make inferences conditional upon this knowledge, and the integration of a… …
2Kalman filter — Roles of the variables in the Kalman filter. (Larger image here) In statistics, the Kalman filter is a mathematical method named after Rudolf E. Kálmán. Its purpose is to use measurements observed over time, containing noise (random variations)… …
3P-value — In statistical significance testing, the p value is the probability of obtaining a test statistic at least as extreme as the one that was actually observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true. One often rejects the null hypothesis when the …
4Claude Lemaréchal — is a French applied mathematician. In mathematical optimization, Claude Lemaréchal is known for his work in numerical methods for nonlinear optimization, especially for problems with nondifferentiable kinks. Lemaréchal and Phil. Wolfe pioneered… …
5Robert Aumann — Infobox Scientist name = Robert J. Aumann image size = 180px birth date = Birth date and age|1930|6|8 birth place = Frankfurt am Main, Germany residence = Israel citizenship = Israel, United States field = Mathematics and Economics work places =… …
6Doomsday argument — World population from 10,000 BC to AD 2000 The Doomsday argument (DA) is a probabilistic argument that claims to predict the number of future members of the human species given only an estimate of the total number of humans born so far. Simply… …
7Fuzzy locating system — Fuzzy locating is a rough but reliable method based on appropriate measuring technology for estimating a location of an object. The concept of precise or ‘’crisp locating’’ is replaced with respect to the operational requirements and the economic …
8Mathematical model — Not to be confused with the same term that is used in model theory, a branch of mathematical logic. An artifact that is used to illustrate a mathematical idea may also be called a mathematical model, the usage of which is the reverse of the sense …
9mathematics — /math euh mat iks/, n. 1. (used with a sing. v.) the systematic treatment of magnitude, relationships between figures and forms, and relations between quantities expressed symbolically. 2. (used with a sing. or pl. v.) mathematical procedures,… …
10Monte Carlo method — Not to be confused with Monte Carlo algorithm. Computational physics …
