phase velocity
71Physical oceanography — World ocean bathymetry. Physical oceanography is the study of physical conditions and physical processes within the ocean, especially the motions and physical properties of ocean waters. Physical oceanography is one of several sub domains into… …
72Metamaterial antenna — This Z antenna tested at the National Institute of Standards and Technology is smaller than a standard antenna with comparable properties. Its high efficiency is derived from the Z element inside the square that acts as a metamaterial, greatly… …
73Propagation constant — The propagation constant of an electromagnetic wave is a measure of the change undergone by the amplitude of the wave as it propagates in a given direction. The quantity being measured can be the voltage or current in a circuit or a field vector… …
74Theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation — The theoretical and experimental justification for the Schrödinger equation motivates the discovery of the Schrödinger equation, the equation that describes the dynamics of nonrelativistic particles. The motivation uses photons, which are… …
75Wave equation — Not to be confused with Wave function. The wave equation is an important second order linear partial differential equation for the description of waves – as they occur in physics – such as sound waves, light waves and water waves. It arises in… …
76Plasma oscillation — Plasma oscillations, also known as Langmuir waves (after Irving Langmuir), are rapid oscillations of the electron density in conducting media such as plasmas or metals. The frequency only depends weakly on the wavelength. The quasiparticle… …
77Photon — This article is about the elementary particle of light. For other uses, see Photon (disambiguation). Photon Photons emitted in a coherent beam from a laser Composition Elementary particle …
78Refraction — For the property of metals, see refraction (metallurgy). For the magic effect, see David Penn (magician). For the refraction in atmosphere, see Atmospheric refraction. Light on air–plexi surface in this experiment mainly undergoes refraction… …
79Modern searches for Lorentz violation — Important motivations for modern searches for Lorentz violation are deviations from Lorentz invariance (and thus special relativity) predicted by some variations of quantum gravity, string theory, and some alternatives to general relativity.… …
80Magnetohydrodynamics — For the academic journal, see Magnetohydrodynamics (journal). Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) (magneto fluid dynamics or hydromagnetics) is an academic discipline which studies the dynamics of electrically conducting fluids. Examples of such fluids… …
