phase velocity
61Negative index metamaterials — A negative index metamaterial causes light to refract, or bend, differently than in more common positive refractive index materials. Negative index metamaterials or negative index materials (NIM) are artificial structures where the refractive… …
62Landau damping — In physics, Landau damping, named after its discoverer, the eminent Soviet physicist Lev Davidovich Landau, is the effect of damping (exponential decrease as a function of time) of longitudinal space charge waves in plasma or a similar… …
63Backward wave oscillator — A backward wave oscillator (BWO), also called carcinotron (a trade name for tubes manufactured by CSF, now Thales) or backward wave tube, is a vacuum tube that is used to generate microwaves up to the terahertz range. It belongs to the traveling… …
64Double layer (plasma) — This article is about the structure in plasma physics. For other uses, see Double layer. Saturnian aurora whose reddish colour is characteristic of ionized hydrogen plasma.[1] Powered by the Saturnian equivalent of (filamentary) Birkeland… …
65Mathematical descriptions of physical laws — For worded descriptions and criteria of physical laws, see Physical law. For the nomenclature used see Physical quantity and Defining equation (physics). Physical laws are often summarized by a single equation, or at least a small set of… …
66Heaviside condition — The Heaviside condition, due to Oliver Heaviside (1850–1925), is the condition an electrical transmission line must meet in order for there to be no distortion of a transmitted signal. Also known as the distortionless condition, it can be used to …
67Plane wave — [ real part of a plane wave travelling up.] In the physics of wave propagation (especially electromagnetic waves), a plane wave (also spelled planewave) is a constant frequency wave whose wavefronts (surfaces of constant phase) are infinite… …
68List of wave topics — This is a list of wave topics.0 ndash;9*21 cm lineA*Abbe prism *absorption spectrum *acoustics *Airy disc *Airy wave theory *Alfvén wave *Alpha waves *amphidromic point *amplitude *amplitude modulation *analog sound vs. digital sound *animal… …
69Ocean surface wave — Ocean surface waves are surface waves that occur on the free surface of the ocean. They usually result from wind, and are also referred to as wind waves. Some waves can travel thousands of miles before reaching land. They range in size from small …
70Wind wave — Ocean wave redirects here. For the film, see Ocean Waves (film). North Pacific storm waves as seen from the NOAA M/V Noble Star, Winter 1989 …
