non-productive labour
1Productive and unproductive labour — were concepts used in classical political economy mainly in the 18th and 19th century, which survive today to some extent in modern management discussions, economic sociology and Marxist or Marxian economic analysis. The concepts strongly… …
2Labour economics — seeks to understand the functioning of the market and dynamics for labour. Labour markets function through the interaction of workers and employers. Labour economics looks at the suppliers of labour services (workers), the demanders of labour… …
3Non-simultaneity — Part of a series on Marxism …
4Penal labour — Female convicts chained together by their necks for work on a road. Dar es Salaam, Tanganyika c.1890 1927. Penal labour is a form of unfree labour in which prisoners perform work, typically manual labour. The work may be light or hard, depending… …
5Division of labour — is the specialisation of cooperative labour in specific, circumscribed tasks and like roles. Historically an increasingly complex division of labour is closely associated with the growth of total output and trade, the rise of capitalism, and of… …
6division of labour — One of the oldest concepts in the social sciences. It denotes any stable organization, co ordinating individuals, or groups carrying out different, but integrated activities. Its first and most celebrated use was in classical political economy ,… …
7Surplus labour — Part of a series on Marxism …
8Manual labour — Detail from Labor, Charles Sprague Pearce (1896). Manual labour (British English), manual labor (American English) or manual work is physical work done by people, most especially in contrast to that done by machines, and also to that done by… …
9Portal:Organized Labour — Wikipedia portals: Culture Geography Health History Mathematics Natural sciences People Philosophy Religion Society Technology Main page   …
10Criticisms of the labour theory of value — often arise from an economic criticism of Marxism. Contents 1 Microeconomic theory 2 Supply and demand 3 Jevons 4 Menger s critique …
