incident beam
41Neutron Reflectometry — is a laboratory technique for measuring the structure of thin films, similar to the often complementary techniques of X ray reflectivity and ellipsometry. The technique provides valuable information over a wide variety of scientific and… …
42Neutron reflectometry — Science with Neutrons Foundations Neutron temperature Flux · Radiation  …
43Ewald's sphere — The Ewald sphere is a geometric construct used in electron, neutron, and X ray crystallography which neatly demonstrates the relationship between: :* the wavelength of the incident and diffracted x ray beams, :* the diffraction angle for a given… …
44x-ray diffraction — Physics. diffraction of x rays by the regularly spaced atoms of a crystal, useful for determining the arrangement of the atoms. [1940 45] * * * Phenomenon in which the atoms of a crystal, by virtue of their uniform spacing, cause an interference… …
45glancing angle — noun Etymology: glancing from gerund of glance (I) : the angle between an incident beam (as of X rays or electrons) and the surface upon which it is incident : the complement of the angle of incidence * * * the angle between a ray incident on a… …
46Nuclear reaction analysis — (NRA) is a nuclear method in materials science to obtain concentration vs. depth distributions for certain target chemical elements in a solid thin film. If irradiated with select projectile nuclei at kinetic energies Ekin these target elements… …
47Prism (optics) — For other uses, see Prism (disambiguation). A plastic prism In optics, a prism is a transparent optical element with flat, polished surfaces that refract light. The exact angles between the surfaces depend on the application. The traditional… …
48Fabry-Pérot interferometer — In optics, a Fabry Pérot interferometer or etalon is typically made of a transparent plate with two reflecting surfaces, or two parallel highly reflecting mirrors. (Technically the former is an etalon and the latter is an interferometer, but the… …
49Dichroic prism — A trichroic prism assembly A dichroic prism is a prism that splits light into two beams of differing wavelength (colour). They are usually constructed of one or more glass prisms with dichroic optical coatings that selectively reflect or transmit …
50Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy — (EDS, EDX or EDXRF) is an analytical technique used for the elemental analysis or chemical characterization of a sample. As a type of spectroscopy, it relies on the investigation of a sample through interactions between electromagnetic radiation… …
