generalized motion
11Centrifugal force — Not to be confused with Centripetal force. Classical mechanics Newton s Second Law …
12Hamilton–Jacobi equation — In physics, the Hamilton–Jacobi equation (HJE) is a reformulation of classical mechanics and, thus, equivalent to other formulations such as Newton s laws of motion, Lagrangian mechanics and Hamiltonian mechanics. The Hamilton–Jacobi equation is… …
13Dynamical billiards — The Bunimovich stadium is a chaotic dynamical billiard A billiard is a dynamical system in which a particle alternates between motion in a straight line and specular reflections from a boundary. When the particle hits the boundary it reflects… …
14Lagrangian mechanics — is a re formulation of classical mechanics that combines conservation of momentum with conservation of energy. It was introduced by Italian mathematician Lagrange in 1788. In Lagrangian mechanics, the trajectory of a system of particles is… …
15Action-angle coordinates — In classical mechanics, action angle coordinates are a set of canonical coordinates useful in solving many integrable systems. The method of action angles is useful for obtaining the frequencies of oscillatory or rotational motion without solving …
16Frame of reference — A frame of reference in physics, may refer to a coordinate system or set of axes within which to measure the position, orientation, and other properties of objects in it, or it may refer to an observational reference frame tied to the state of… …
17Hamiltonian mechanics — is a re formulation of classical mechanics that was introduced in 1833 by Irish mathematician William Rowan Hamilton. It arose from Lagrangian mechanics, a previous re formulation of classical mechanics introduced by Joseph Louis Lagrange in 1788 …
18Maupertuis' principle — In classical mechanics, Maupertuis principle (named after Pierre Louis Maupertuis) is an integral equation that determines the path followed by a physical system without specifying the time parameterization of that path. It is a special case of… …
19Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector — Throughout this article, vectors and their magnitudes are indicated by boldface and italic type, respectively; for example, left| mathbf{A} ight| = A. In classical mechanics, the Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector (or simply the LRL vector) is a vector… …
20Lagrangian — This article is about Lagrange mechanics. For other uses, see Lagrangian (disambiguation). The Lagrangian, L, of a dynamical system is a function that summarizes the dynamics of the system. It is named after Joseph Louis Lagrange. The concept of… …
