fractional crystallization
21chemical element — Introduction also called element, any substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by ordinary chemical processes. Elements are the fundamental materials of which all matter is composed. This article considers the… …
22Magma — For other uses, see Magma (disambiguation). Lava flow on Hawaii. Lava is the extrusive equivalent of magma. Magma (from Greek μάγμα paste ) is a mixture of molten rock, volatiles and solids[1] …
23Igneous rock — Geologic provinces of the world (USGS)   Shield …
24Andesite — For the extinct cephalopod genus, see Andesites. Andesite (pronEng|ˈændəsaɪt) is an igneous, volcanic rock, of intermediate composition, with aphanitic to porphyritic texture. The mineral assemblage is typically dominated by plagioclase plus… …
25Rubidium — krypton ← rubidium → strontium K ↑ Rb ↓ …
26Ultramafic to mafic layered intrusions — are found in typically ancient cratons and are rare but worldwide in distribution. The intrusive complexes exhibit evidence of fractional crystallization and crystal segregation by settling or floating of minerals from a melt. Ideally the… …
27Fractionation — See also: Fractionated spacecraft Fractionation is a separation process in which a certain quantity of a mixture (solid, liquid, solute, suspension or isotope) is divided up in a number of smaller quantities (fractions) in which the composition… …
28Neodymium — praseodymium ← neodymium → promethium ↑ Nd ↓ U …
29Superior craton — in the west. The western margin extends from northern Minnesota through eastern Manitoba to northwestern Ontario.The formation of the Superior craton is best explained within the context of 2.72 2.68 Ga accretion of small continental plates and… …
30volcano — /vol kay noh/, n., pl. volcanoes, volcanos. 1. a vent in the earth s crust through which lava, steam, ashes, etc., are expelled, either continuously or at irregular intervals. 2. a mountain or hill, usually having a cuplike crater at the summit,… …
