doped crystal
101germanium — /jeuhr may nee euhm/, n. Chem. a scarce, metallic, grayish white element, normally tetravalent, used chiefly in transistors. Symbol: Ge; at. wt.: 72.59; at. no.: 32; sp. gr.: 5.36 at 20°C. [1885 90; GERMAN(Y) + IUM] * * * Chemical element with… …
102Diamond — This article is about the mineral. For the gemstone, see Diamond (gemstone). For other uses, including the shape ◊, see Diamond (disambiguation) …
103X-ray fluorescence — (XRF) is the emission of characteristic secondary (or fluorescent) X rays from a material that has been excited by bombarding with high energy X rays or gamma rays. The phenomenon is widely used for elemental analysis and chemical analysis,… …
104integrated circuit — Electronics. a circuit of transistors, resistors, and capacitors constructed on a single semiconductor wafer or chip, in which the components are interconnected to perform a given function. Abbr.: IC Also called microcircuit. [1955 60] * * * ▪… …
105Silicon — Not to be confused with the silicon containing synthetic polymer silicone. aluminium ← silicon → phosphorus C ↑ Si ↓ Ge …
106P-n junction — A p n junction is a junction formed by combining P type and N type semiconductors together in very close contact. The term junction refers to the region where the two regions of the semiconductor meet. It can be thought of as the border region… …
107Phosphor thermometry — is an optical method for surface temperature measurement. The method exploits luminescence emitted by phosphor material. Phosphors are fine white or pastel colored inorganic powders which may be stimulated by any of a variety of means to… …
108Photodarkening — is optical effect observed in interaction of laser radiation with amorphous media (glasses) in optical fibers.Until now, such creation of color centers was reported only in glassfibers cite journal url=http://bookstore.spie.org/index.cfm?fuseactio… …
109Transmission electron microscopy — A TEM image of the polio virus. The polio virus is 30 nm in size.[1] Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a microscopy technique whereby a beam of electrons is transmitted through an ultra thin specimen, interacting with the specimen as it… …
110Smart glass — or switchable glass, also called smart windows or switchable windows in its application to windows or skylights, refers to electrically switchable glass or glazing which changes light transmission properties when voltage is applied.Certain types… …
