civilizations based on irrigation
101Islāmic world — Introduction prehistory and history of the Islamic community. Adherence to Islām is a global phenomenon: Muslims predominate in some 30 to 40 countries, from the Atlantic to the Pacific and along a belt that stretches across northern… …
102Uzbekistan — /ooz bek euh stan , stahn , uz /, n. a republic in S central Asia. 23,860,452; 172,741 sq. mi. (447,400 sq. km). Cap.: Tashkent. Formerly, Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic. * * * Uzbekistan Introduction Uzbekistan Background: Russia conquered… …
103Cannibals and Kings — (1977, ISBN 0 394 40765 2) is a book written by anthropologist Marvin Harris. The book presents a systematic discussion of ideas about the reasons for a culture making a transition by stages from egalitarian hunter gatherer to hierarchically… …
104History of technology — The history of technology is the history of the invention of tools and techniques. Background knowledge has enabled people to create new things, and conversely, many scientific endeavors have become possible through technologies which assist… …
105Societal collapse — broadly includes both quite abrupt societal failures typified by collapses (such as that of the Mayan Civilization), as well as more extended gradual declines of superpowers (like the Roman empire in Western Europe and the Han Dynasty in East… …
106Hamitic — A stylised T and O map, depicting Africa as the home of the descendants of Ham, Asia of the descendents of Sem, and Europe of the descendants of Japheth (Guntherus Ziner, 1472) …
107chile — /chil ee/, n. chili. * * * Chile Introduction Chile Background: A three year old Marxist government was overthrown in 1973 by a dictatorial military regime led by Augusto PINOCHET, who ruled until a freely elected president was installed in 1990 …
108Chile — Chilean, adj., n. /chil ee/; Sp. /chee le/, n. a republic in SW South America, on the Pacific Coast. 14,508,168; 286,396 sq. mi. (741,765 sq. km). Cap.: Santiago. * * * Chile Introduction Chile Background: A three year old Marxist government was… …
109Phoenix, Arizona —   City   Images, from top, left to right: Downtown Phoenix skyline, Saint Mary s Basilica, Arizona Biltmore Hotel, T …
110religion — religionless, adj. /ri lij euhn/, n. 1. a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe, esp. when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or agencies, usually involving devotional and ritual observances, and… …
