Neuraminic acid

Neuraminic acid
Neuraminic acid
Identifiers
CAS number 114-04-5 YesY
PubChem 513472
ChemSpider 447972 YesY
MeSH Neuraminic+Acids
ChEBI CHEBI:49022 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL165084 N, CHEMBL1234621
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Properties
Molecular formula C9H17N1O8
Molar mass 267.233 g/mol
 N acid (verify) (what is: YesY/N?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Neuraminic acid (5-amino-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-2-ulosonic acid) is a 9-carbon monosaccharide, a derivative of a ketononose. Neuraminic acid may be visualized as the product of an aldol-condensation product of pyruvic acid and D-mannosamine (2-amino-2-deoxy-mannose). Neuraminic acid does not occur naturally, but many of its derivatives are found widely distributed in animal tissues and in bacteria, especially in glycoproteins and gangliosides. The N- or O-substituted derivatives of neuraminic acid are collectively known as sialic acids, the predominant form in mammalian cells being N-acetylneuraminic acid. The amino group bears either an acetyl or a glycolyl group. The hydroxyl substituents may vary considerably: Acetyl, lactyl, methyl, sulfate and phosphate groups have been found.

The name "neuraminic acid" was introduced by German scientist E. Klenk in 1941, in reference to the brain lipids from which it was derived as a cleavage product.[1].

The symbol commonly used for neuraminic acid is Neu, and the residue is typically found with additional chemical modifications in biological systems. As a family, these residues are known as sialic acids. For example, N-acetyl-neuraminic acid, Neu5Ac, is typical in human glycoproteins.

Among their many biological functions, these structures are substrates for neuraminidase enzymes which cleave neuraminic acid residues. Human flu viruses have a neuraminidase enzyme, signified in the name "H#N#", where the H refers to an isoform of hemaglutinin and N refers to an isoform of viral neuraminidase.

See also

References and notes

  1. ^ Klenk, E. 1941. Neuraminsäure, das Spaltprodukt eines neuen Gehirnlipoids. Zeitschr. f. Physiol. Chem. 1941; 268:50-58.

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • neuraminic acid — neuraminic acid. См. нейраминовая кислота. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • neuraminic acid — See N acetyl neuraminic acid …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • neuraminic acid — noun A 9 carbon atom amino carbohydrate, 5 amino 3,5 dideoxy D glycero D galacto non 2 ulosonic acid, many of whose derivatives are found in nature, mostly as glycoproteins and gangliosides See Also: neuraminate, neuraminic …   Wiktionary

  • neuraminic acid — An aldol product of d mannosamine and pyruvic acid, linking the C 1 of the former to the C 3 of the latter. The N and O acyl derivatives of n. are known as sialic acids and are constituents of gangliosides and of the polysaccharide components of… …   Medical dictionary

  • neuraminic acid — |n(y)u̇r+ noun Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary neur + aminic : an amino acid C9H17NO8 of carbohydrate character occurring in the form of acyl derivatives see sialic acid …   Useful english dictionary

  • neuraminic acid — amino compound found in animal tissues (Biochemistry) …   English contemporary dictionary

  • N-acetyl neuraminic acid — A 9 carbon sugar, structurally a condensation product of N acetyl mannosamine and pyruvate. Also known as sialic acid, but more correctly is a member of the family of sialic acids. Found in glycolipids, especially gangliosides, and in… …   Dictionary of molecular biology

  • neuraminic — adjective Of or pertaining to neuraminic acid or its derivatives …   Wiktionary

  • N-Glycolylneuraminic acid — Other names GcNeu; NGNA; NeuNGl; Neu5Gc …   Wikipedia

  • Sialic acid — Chembox new ImageFile = Sialic acid.png ImageSize = 185px IUPACName = OtherNames = Section1 = Chembox Identifiers CASNo = 131 48 6 PubChem = 445063 SMILES = MeSHName = Sialic+Acid Section2 = Chembox Properties Formula = C11H19NO9 MolarMass =… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”