Long pepper

Long pepper

taxobox
name = Long pepper



image_caption = Long pepper's leaves and fruit
regnum = Plantae
unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
unranked_classis = Magnoliids
ordo = Piperales
familia = Piperaceae
genus = "Piper"
species = "P. longum"
binomial = "Piper longum"
binomial_authority = L.|

Long pepper ("Piper longum"), sometimes called Javanese Long Pepper, Indian Long Pepper or Indonesian Long Pepper, is a flowering vine in the family "Piperaceae", cultivated for its fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. Long pepper is a close relative of the black pepper plant, and has a similar, though generally hotter, taste. The word "pepper" itself is derived from the Sanskrit word for long pepper, "pippali". The fruit of the pepper consists of many minuscule fruits — each about the size of a poppy seed — embedded in the surface of a flower spike; it closely resembles a hazel tree catkin. The fruits contain the alkaloid piperine, which contributes to their pungency. Another species of long pepper, "Piper retrofractum", is native to Java, Indonesia.

Prior to the European discovery of the New World, long pepper was an important and well-known spice. The ancient history of black pepper is often interlinked with (and confused with) that of long pepper. The Romans knew of both and often referred to either as just "piper"; many ancient botanists erroneously believed dried black pepper and long pepper came from the same plant. Only after the discovery of the New World and of chile peppers did the popularity of long pepper decline. Chile peppers, some of which, when dried, are similar in shape and taste to long pepper, were easier to grow in a variety of locations more convenient to Europe. Today, long pepper is an extremely rare ingredient in European cuisines, but it can still be found in Indian vegetable pickles, some North African spice mixtures, and in Indonesian and Malaysian cooking. It is readily available at Indian grocery stores, where it is usually labeled "pipalli".

References

* Dalby, Andrew (Oct 1, 2002). [http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=7IHcZ21dyjwC&dq=black+pepper+long+pepper&prev=http://print.google.com/print%3Fhl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26q%3Dblack%2Bpepper%2Blong%2Bpepper%26btnG%3DSearch&lpg=PA90&pg=PA89&sig=FvKr3MxwTnzkahYe5RfZb4bbrck Dangerous Tastes: The Story of Spices] , 89. Google Print. ISBN 0-520-23674-2 (accessed October 25, 2005). Also available in print from University of California Press.
* pp 427-429, "Black Pepper and Relatives".


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Long pepper — Pepper Pep per, n. [OE. peper, AS. pipor, L. piper, fr. Gr. ?, ?, akin to Skr. pippala, pippali.] 1. A well known, pungently aromatic condiment, the dried berry, either whole or powdered, of the {Piper nigrum}. [1913 Webster] Note: Common, or… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • long pepper — noun 1. slender tropical climber of the eastern Himalayas • Syn: ↑Piper longum • Hypernyms: ↑true pepper, ↑pepper vine • Member Holonyms: ↑Piper, ↑genus Piper 2. plant bear …   Useful english dictionary

  • long pepper — noun The flowering vine Piper longum in the genus Piper (pepper) of family Piperaceae, cultivated for its choracteristically long fruit, which is usually dried and used as a spice and seasoning. Syn: Indian long pepper, Javan long pepper,… …   Wiktionary

  • long pepper — vienametė paprika statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Bulvinių šeimos daržovinis, dekoratyvinis, prieskoninis, vaistinis kultūrinis augalas (Capsicum annuum). Iš jo gaminami maisto priedai (dažikliai, kvėpikliai). atitikmenys: lot. Capsicum… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • long pepper — ilgasis pipiras statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Pipirinių šeimos prieskoninis, vaistinis augalas (Piper longum), paplitęs atogrąžų Azijoje (Indijoje ir Nepale). Iš jo gaminami maisto priedai (kvėpikliai). atitikmenys: lot. Piper longum angl …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • long pepper — šiurkščialapis pipiras statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Pipirinių šeimos augalas (Piper hispidinervum), paplitęs Brazilijoje. Iš jo gaunamas eterinis aliejus. atitikmenys: lot. Piper hispidinervum angl. long pepper port. pimenta longa… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • Indian long pepper — ilgasis pipiras statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Pipirinių šeimos prieskoninis, vaistinis augalas (Piper longum), paplitęs atogrąžų Azijoje (Indijoje ir Nepale). Iš jo gaminami maisto priedai (kvėpikliai). atitikmenys: lot. Piper longum angl …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • Javanese long pepper — indonezinis pipiras statusas T sritis vardynas apibrėžtis Pipirinių šeimos prieskoninis, vaistinis augalas (Piper retrofractum), paplitęs atogrąžų Azijoje (Indokinijoje, Indonezijoje, Malaizijoje, Filipinuose). Iš jo gaminami maisto priedai… …   Lithuanian dictionary (lietuvių žodynas)

  • Pepper — Pep per, n. [OE. peper, AS. pipor, L. piper, fr. Gr. ?, ?, akin to Skr. pippala, pippali.] 1. A well known, pungently aromatic condiment, the dried berry, either whole or powdered, of the {Piper nigrum}. [1913 Webster] Note: Common, or black,… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Pepper box — Pepper Pep per, n. [OE. peper, AS. pipor, L. piper, fr. Gr. ?, ?, akin to Skr. pippala, pippali.] 1. A well known, pungently aromatic condiment, the dried berry, either whole or powdered, of the {Piper nigrum}. [1913 Webster] Note: Common, or… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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