norm closure
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Back closure — A back closure is a fastener (such as a zipper or button(s)) on the rear of a garment, most commonly one made for females. They were a common feature of women s and girls clothes in the past, and were the preferred choice of some women for more… … Wikipedia
Ideal norm — In commutative algebra, the norm of an ideal is a generalization of a norm of an element in the field extension. It is particularly important in number theory since it measures the size of an ideal of a complicated number ring in terms of an… … Wikipedia
Self-adjoint operator — In mathematics, on a finite dimensional inner product space, a self adjoint operator is one that is its own adjoint, or, equivalently, one whose matrix is Hermitian, where a Hermitian matrix is one which is equal to its own conjugate transpose.… … Wikipedia
Invariant subspace problem — In the field of mathematics known as functional analysis, one of the most prominent open problems is the invariant subspace problem, sometimes optimistically known as the invariant subspace conjecture. It is the question whether the following… … Wikipedia
Wold decomposition — In operator theory, the Wold decomposition, or Wold von Neumann decomposition, is a classification theorem for isometric linear operators on a given Hilbert space. It states that any isometry is a direct sums of copies of the unilateral shift and … Wikipedia
Hilbert space — For the Hilbert space filling curve, see Hilbert curve. Hilbert spaces can be used to study the harmonics of vibrating strings. The mathematical concept of a Hilbert space, named after David Hilbert, generalizes the notion of Euclidean space. It… … Wikipedia
List of mathematical symbols — This is a listing of common symbols found within all branches of mathematics. Each symbol is listed in both HTML, which depends on appropriate fonts being installed, and in TeX, as an image. This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.… … Wikipedia
Gaussian integer — In number theory, a Gaussian integer is a complex number whose real and imaginary part are both integers. The Gaussian integers, with ordinary addition and multiplication of complex numbers, form an integral domain, usually written as Z[i]. The… … Wikipedia
P-adic number — In mathematics, the p adic number systems were first described by Kurt Hensel in 1897 [cite journal | last = Hensel | first = Kurt | title = Über eine neue Begründung der Theorie der algebraischen Zahlen | journal =… … Wikipedia
Regulated function — In mathematics, a regulated function (or ruled function) is a well behaved function of a single real variable. Regulated functions arise as a class of integrable functions, and have several equivalent characterisations.DefinitionLet X be a Banach … Wikipedia
Von Neumann algebra — In mathematics, a von Neumann algebra or W* algebra is a * algebra of bounded operators on a Hilbert space that is closed in the weak operator topology and contains the identity operator. They were originally introduced by John von Neumann,… … Wikipedia
